By Andrew Nelson
Securing embedded systems is crucial due to their unique vulnerabilities and resource constraints. At Idaho Scientific, we understand the challenges these systems face, from limited update cycles to the absence of robust security infrastructures. Our focus on hardware-based solutions ensures these systems are protected without compromising performance. By integrating security from the start and leveraging innovative technologies, we help safeguard the integrity and functionality of embedded systems against evolving threats.
What is an Embedded System?
An embedded system is an electronic system comprising both hardware and software components, designed to function in resource-constrained environments such as inside a car or airplane. These systems operate with limited power and cooling resources and generally lack the capabilities of a full-fledged computer. Typically, they run on smaller processors and may not even have an operating system.
The term "embedded" highlights their placement within or adjacent to the systems they control, such as the brakes in a car or the ailerons of an airplane. Essentially, embedded systems are small electronic devices that manage physical processes in real-time, despite their resource constraints.
Importance of Securing Embedded Systems
Securing embedded systems is critical, and it often presents more challenges compared to securing traditional systems. Unlike subscription-based models such as Spotify, embedded devices are developed on product lifecycles that don't involve continuous updates. They are designed, implemented, tested, and then deployed, making it difficult to address new vulnerabilities over time. As these systems age, new vulnerabilities can emerge, even if they were secure at launch.
Moreover, due to their resource constraints, embedded systems cannot afford the overhead of extensive security solutions like antivirus software. Therefore, security needs to be integrated from the start, often requiring hardware to be inherently secure rather than relying solely on software solutions.
Common Vulnerabilities in Embedded Systems
Common vulnerabilities in embedded systems include physical attacks, where hackers can gain direct access to the device, unlike servers typically secured in data centers. Embedded devices often need to support interfaces that may not be inherently secure, making them more accessible for exploitation. The resource constraints further limit the feasibility of implementing robust security measures, leaving some vulnerabilities unaddressed. Attackers can exploit these physical interfaces, and due to the limited power and processing capabilities of embedded systems, adding comprehensive security features can be challenging.
Increasing connectivity can impact the security of embedded systems. On one hand, network-enabled devices can introduce new vulnerabilities and threat vectors. For instance, a networked toaster could be hacked remotely, whereas a non-networked one would require physical access. However, if done correctly, connectivity can also enhance security by enabling devices to communicate securely, authenticate interactions, and periodically update to address vulnerabilities. The key is to implement connectivity in a smart way that leverages the benefits while mitigating the risks.
Idaho Scientific's Approach to Securing Embedded Systems
At Idaho Scientific, our approach focuses on hardware-based security solutions. We believe that securing software solely with software is a difficult challenge. Therefore, we design hardware that is immune to common attacks. Our products, such as the Immunity AES, utilize FPGA cores and other hardware innovations to enhance security without compromising the embedded system's performance. This method allows us to stay ahead in the security arms race, as it's often more effective to make the hardware secure rather than constantly patching software vulnerabilities.
How to Enhance Embedded System Security
My advice is to consider security early in the design process. It's easier to integrate security measures upfront rather than retrofitting them later. Bring in the right expertise early on, as embedded systems have less documentation and fewer active developers compared to other fields. Consulting with specialists like Idaho Scientific can save time and ensure that security is a fundamental part of your solution. Many companies excel in designing excellent products, but security isn't their core expertise. Hiring a secondary firm specializing in security can help you focus on your primary business while ensuring robust security.
Emerging Threats in Embedded System Security
The arms race in embedded system security is ongoing, with several emerging threats and changes to watch. One significant trend is the acceleration of product development cycles, which can lead to security vulnerabilities as products are rushed to market. Additionally, there's an asymmetry in the investment required to develop and reverse-engineer technologies, making embedded systems attractive targets for attackers. The increasing complexity of processors, compilers, and programming languages can also introduce new vulnerabilities. Keeping up with these changes requires continuous vigilance and innovation in security practices.
Conclusion
The security of embedded systems is vital in an increasingly connected world where vulnerabilities can lead to significant risks. Idaho Scientific is dedicated to addressing these challenges through our innovative hardware-based solutions, ensuring that security is an integral part of the design process. By prioritizing early integration of security measures and leveraging our expertise, we provide robust protection for embedded systems, enabling them to operate safely and efficiently in their respective environments. Trust Idaho Scientific to fortify your embedded systems against current and emerging threats, thus securing your technology for the future.
Fortify your future against emerging threats and secure the benefits of embedded systems security today!
Author Bio
Andrew Nelson has been in the aerospace and defense industry for nearly 20 years. He began his career as a software engineer and advanced through various organizations such as Raytheon and L3 Harris, where he managed teams of around 200 engineers in software and hardware development. He holds an executive MBA from Wharton. His interest in embedded system security stemmed from the engineering challenges he encountered while developing aircraft systems. Over time, he recognized the critical importance of security in these applications. Driven by his growing passion for cybersecurity, Andrew joined Idaho Scientific as our Director of Integrated Security Solutions.
